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Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Perform pre-hospital evaluation
   • Establish immediate patient history with client
   • Communicate emergency first aid advice for the patient to the client
   • Communicate transportation advice and the practice’s location to the client
2. Assess patient to confirm the need for emergency response
   • Conduct visual patient assessment
   • Conduct assessment of patient using safe handling techniques for protection of self, others and patient
   • Interpret and evaluate signs and symptoms to confirm life threatening or other situation status in consultation with veterinarian
3. Apply and maintain first aid to sustain life
   • Apply cardiopulmonary resuscitation procedures according to patient’s needs and under veterinary supervision
   • Apply procedures for haemorrhage control and oxygen therapy according to patient’s needs and under veterinary supervision
4. Carry out triage procedures and stabilise patient under veterinarian direction
   • Complete and evaluate triage parameters
   • Report triage findings to attending veterinarian
   • Provide clear and concise directions to supporting personnel
   • Provide specific emergency and critical care nursing assistance ensuring hygiene and infection control protocols are followed
5. Complete history and secondary survey
   • Confirm patient history with client records
   • Perform secondary survey in conjunction with veterinarian
   • Update patient records